Molecular Weight Calculator Guide
A molecular weight calculator (molar mass) sums the atomic weights of all atoms in a chemical formula to return mass in g/mol. It supports parentheses, hydrates, and common ions for quick lab prep and homework checks.
What is Molecular Weight Calculator?
The molecular weight calculator parses formulas like C6H12O6
or CuSO4*5H2O
, looks up standard atomic weights, multiplies by element counts, and totals them to give molar mass and optional percent composition.
How to Use the Molecular Weight Calculator
- Enter a chemical formula (case-sensitive element symbols).
- Include parentheses/hydrates as needed (e.g.,
Ca(OH)2
,FeSO4*7H2O
). - Calculate molar mass in g/mol and see per-element contributions.
- (Optional) view mass percent by element for analytical work.
- Copy results for solution prep or reports.
Formulas & Methods
- Molar mass:
M = sum of (n_i * A_i)
wheren_i
is count of element i andA_i
its atomic weight (g/mol). - Mass percent:
%_i = (n_i * A_i / M) * 100%
- Hydrates: treat
*xH2O
as addingx
molecules of water to the formula.
Assumptions & limitations
- Uses standard atomic weights; isotopic samples differ.
- Rounding and significant figures should match lab requirements.
- Does not infer structure or ionization state beyond formula parsing.
Examples
Example A — Water
H2O
: M = 2*1.00794 + 15.9994 ~ 18.015 g/mol
(values illustrative).
Example B — Glucose
C6H12O6
: M ~ 6*12.011 + 12*1.008 + 6*15.999 ~ 180.156 g/mol
.
| Compound | Formula | Molar Mass (g/mol, approx) | |---|---|---:| | Water | H2O | 18.015 | | Sodium chloride | NaCl | 58.44 | | Calcium hydroxide | Ca(OH)2 | 74.093 |
Pro Tips & Best Practices
- Verify capitalization of element symbols (Co vs CO).
- Match sig figs to your input data or instructor guidelines.
- For solutions, pair with Stoichiometry and pH tools.
Related Calculators
FAQ
Q: What is molecular weight (molar mass)?
A: The mass of one mole of a substance, expressed in grams per mole (g/mol).
Q: Which atomic weights are used?
A: Standard atomic weights from IUPAC; isotopic composition can cause small variations.
Q: How do I enter a formula?
A: Use element symbols with counts (e.g., C6H12O6). Parentheses and hydrates like CuSO4*5H2O are supported.
Q: Can I calculate mass percent?
A: Yes—mass percent of element = (element mass / total molar mass) * 100%.
Q: What precision should I use?
A: Report g/mol with appropriate significant figures for your data; 2-4 decimals are common.
Engineering note: Units are g/mol. Standard atomic weights assumed; report precision consistently.
Call to Action
Enter a formula and get molar mass and composition instantly—perfect for lab prep, titrations, and homework checks.